Significance of UGADI - The Sixty Year Cycle.
Yugaadi-krit Yugaavarto Naikamaayo Mahashanah
Adrishyo Vyaktaroopashcha Sahasrajid Anandajit
Ugadi, a part and parcel of the concept of Hindu time element, marks the beginning of the most auspicious season Vasantha Ruthu (Spring Season), when generally we find trees start to blossom. Yugaadi denote one of the several names of Lord Sri Maha Vishnu. Sloka # 33 of Sri Vishnu Sahasra Nama Sthothram describes Lord Vishnu as Yugaadi-krit (one who creates Yugas), Yugaavarto (one who causes the repetition of Yugas)…. Hence, it is befitting to celebrate this day with the worship of the Para Brahma, the Supreme Lord, Sri ManNarayana, who is the cause and effect of this infinite Time element.
As per the Hindu Lunar Calendar, the first day (Prathama thithi) of Sukla Paksha (Bright fortnight) in Chaithra Masam is considered as the day on which the Creation started that marking the beginning of Sri Swetha Varaha Kalpa. That day is being referred to as Kalpaadi. It is also considered the day on which the Yuga had commenced, and hence, it is also referred to as Yugaadi or Ugadi. As per the astrological estimate,s it is said that Lord Sri Krishna’s Niryaana took place at the early hours on the first day of the bright fortnight (Prathipada) in the lunar month of Chaitra Masam corresponding to 18.02.3102 BC that marked the beginning of the Kaliyuga. Hence, Ugadi can also be assumed as the beginning of Kaliyuga.
In the concept of Ugadi the sixty-year cycle has the following names...
Prabhava, Vibhava, Shukla, Pramoda, Prajapathi, Angeerasa, Shrimukha, Bhaava, Yuva, Dhaata, Eeshwara, Bahudhaanya, Pramadhi, Vikrama, Vrusha, Chitrabhanu, Subhanu, Taarana, Paarthiva, Vyaya, Sarvajittu, Sarvadhaari, Virodhi, Vikruthi, Khara, Nandana, Vijaya, Jaya, Manmatha, Durmukha, Hevalambi, Vilambi, Vikaari, Saarvari, Plava, Shubakrut, Shobhakrut, Krodhi, Vishvavasu, Paraabhava, Plavanga, Keelaka, Saumya, Saadhaarana, Virodhikrit, Paridhavi, Pramaadee, Aananda, Raakshasa, Nala, Pingala, Kaalayukthi, Siddharthi, Raudra, Durmathi, Dundubhi, Rudhirodgaari, Raktaakshi, Krodhana, and Akshaya.
As per a popular legend, these sixty names are said to have been associated with the Divine Sage Narada. Considered as Brahma Manasa Puthra, Sage Narada is a great Scholar, Saint and Philosopher depicted as a Divine Messenger. In all the Divine stories, we find Narada playing a key role and his involvement in one way or the other. As per the legend in brief, once upon a time, Sage Narada, caught in the mystery of Sri Maha Vishnu Maya (illusion), added with a cursed by Lord Brahm, and had to become a damsel with a desire to experience the materialistic life. In the process, the Damsel marries a King and gives birth to 60 sons. Later, during the course of time, the King, along with his 60 sons, dies in a battle. Grief-stricken, the damsel (Narada) came out of illusion with Lord’s mercy and realized that it was the Maya of Lord Sri Maha Vishnu. In memory of Narada’s (Damsel’s) sons and to give eternity to their names, Lord Vishnu blessed them that thenceforth, the sixty-year cycle ofthe Hindu time element would be represented by their names.
Ugadi signifies the current period in which we are living as per the Hindu time element in a 60-year cycle, with each new year (Ugadi) denoted by a unique name starting from Prabhava and ending with Akshaya.
In North India and Gujarat, people follow the calendar as per the Vikrama Sakha, and accordingly, the commencement of the New Year differs. There, it starts from the first day of Chaitra Bahula Paksha known as Baisakhi. In Gujarat, it will be from the first day of Kartheeka Masam after Deepavali Amavasya. Even in South India, where Salivahana Sakha is followed, the commencement of the New Year is observed on two different dates. In the case of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Goa, Ugadi is observed on the first day of Sukla Paksha in Chaitra Masam as per the Lunar Calendar known as Chaandramana. In Tamil Nadu and Kerala, Ugadi occurs as per the Solar Calendar known as Sauramana, on the day when the Sun enters into Mesha (Aries) Raasi which generally happens around the 13th or 14th of April every year. While it is known as Ugadi in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, it is called Gudi Padwa in Maharashtra and Goa. While in Tamil Nadu it is called as Puthandu festival, in Kerala it is known as the Vishu festival.
Ugadi marks the beginning of a nine-day festival called Vasantha Navaraatri, also known as Sri Rama Navaratri celebrated for a period of nine days ending with Sri Rama Navami. It is a Hindu tradition to begin any new activity on an auspicious note especially if it is coinciding with Ugadi. It is considered as one of the four very auspicious days in Electional Astrology and is known as Sade Theen Muhurtha. On this day, it is prescribed and highly meritorious to perform Thailabhyanganam, Sun worship, Nimba Kusuma Bhakshana, Panchanga Sravanam etc…
Science in the worship of the Gudi
'Gudi Padwa' is the day on which the universe was created. Since on this day, Shri Brahma created the universe and the Satyayug began, it marks the commencement of the New Year.
The Divine consciousness emanating during sunrise, absorbed at that time, lasts longer. Thu,s the Gudi should be worshipped within 5-10 minutes after sunrise!
On Gudi Padwa, the waves consisting of the fire principle (Tej tatva) and the creative Prajapati waves are activated on a large scale. The Divine consciousness emanating during sunrise, absorbed at that time, lasts longer. This consciousness is stored in the body cells and is used as required. Henc,e the Gudi should be worshipped within 5-10 minutes after sunrise.
Method of raising the Gudi
Position of the Gudi: Care should be taken to raise the Gudi next to the main entrance of the house. The spot selected should be on the right side of the entrance(when facing outwards from the entrance of the home). The right side symbolizes the active state of the soul.
1. The area selected for raising the Gudi should be cleaned and then a Swastik rangoli should be drawn on the ground. Turmeric and vermilion (Haldi-kumkum) should be offered at the centre of the Swastik.
2. While raising the Gudi, the 'Shiva-Shakti' principle in the Universe should be invoked. This enables all the constituents of the Gudi to accept divine principles.
3. The Gudi symbolizes the ‘Sushumna nadi’ of our body. Hence, the Gudi should be raised at the entrance. And it should be kept tilted at an angle. - A Scholar (through the medium of Ms. Anjali Gadgil)
Prayer
'O Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu ! Please enable me to absorb the Principle of Creation and the Fire Principle present in the atmosphere. Let the Divine consciousness present in these principles be preserved constantly. Let the energy thus received, be used for my spiritual practice.'
Reason for raising the Gudi during war
The Gudi is a symbol of victory. Amongst the various qualities of God, 'Being Victorious' is one and it symbolizes that God has achieved victory at the outset and at various levels. To symbolize this at every level of war, a Gudi is hoisted.
Significance of Gudi Padwa
There are several ways of commencing a New Year. According to the Christian calendar, 1st January marks the beginning of the year. The financial year begins from 1st April, the Hindu New Year from the first day (Pratipada) of the month of Chaitra from the Hindu lunar calendar, the commercial year from the first day of the Hindu lunar month of ‘Kartik’, the solar (soura) year, the lunar (chandra) year, the luni-solar year and so on. In all these, the year comprises of twelve months. Who first proclaimed that a year should consist of twelve months and how did the world come to accept it ? The foremost exponent of this concept is undoubtedly the Vedas, the most ancient literary texts. The Vedas say, ‘A year consists of twelve months’. It is because they say so that the world has accepted it. Out of all these days of beginning a year the most ideal one is the first day of the month of Chaitra according to the Hindu lunar calendar.
One should note that there is no explanation as to why the 1st of January is the beginning of the New Year. Someone conceived that it should be so and thus it began. Contrary to this, there are natural, historical and spiritual reasons to mark the commencement of the year on the first day of the month of Chaitra.
1.Natural : Towards the first day of the month of Chaitra (Padva), the sun assumes a position above the Vasant intersection (the point of intersection of the equator and the meridians) and the spring season commences. In Shrimadbhagvadgita (10.35), The Lord says, ‘Among the seasons, the exhilarating Vasant season (spring) is my manifestation’. In this season, the weather is pleasant and exhilarating. In the Shishir season (autumn) the trees shed their leaves. Towards Padva, trees bear new foliage and appear fresh.
2. Historical : Rama slayed Vali on this day. The Shakas too defeated the Huns on this day. This day also commemorates the commencement of the Shalivahan calendar after Shalivahan vanquished his enemies.
3. Spiritual
3 A. Creation of the universe: Since on this day Shri Brahma created the universe and the Satyayug began, it marks the commencement of the New Year.
3 B. One among the three and a half auspicious days (‘Muhurts’): Gudhipadva, Akshay trutiya and Dasra(Vijayadashmi) each make up one, and the first day of the Hindu lunar month of Kartik comprises half of the total three and a half auspicious days. The special feature of these three and a half auspicious days is that, unlike other days when one has to choose an auspicious moment to perform a ritual, in contrast, on these auspicious day,s one does not need to, as every moment of these days is auspicious.
3 C. The higher incidence of prajapati sanyukta (conjoint) frequencies on the earth: The tantra text Ganeshyamal states that in all 108 frequencies, one each from the four parts (charans) of the twenty-seven lunar asterisms from the region of lunar asterisms (nakshtralok / karmadevlok) 27×4=108 reach the earth. They disintegrate further into four types of frequencies - yama, surya, prajapati and sanyukta (conjoint).
On this day, the Tej and Prajapati frequencies are effective in large measures. During sunrise on this day, the Chaitanya (Divine Consciousness) emitted from these frequencies can be retained for a longer period. It is accumulated in the cells of the embodied soul and is used by the embodied soul as and when required. Therefore, within 5-10 minutes of sunris,e one should perform ritualistic worship of the Gudi.
HAPPY UGADI TO YOU ALL ...............